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The Minerals Management Service (MMS) was an agency of the United States Department of the Interior that managed the nation's natural gas, oil and other mineral resources on the outer continental shelf (OCS). Due to perceived conflict of interest and poor regulatory oversight following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and Inspector General investigations, Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar issued a secretarial order on May 19, 2010 splitting MMS into three new federal agencies: the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, and the Office of Natural Resources Revenue.〔 〕 MMS was temporarily renamed the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE) during this reorganization before being formally dissolved on October 1, 2011. Headquartered in Washington, DC,〔 the Agency received most of its revenue from leasing federal lands and waters to oil and natural gas companies with a profit margin of 98%. It was among the top five revenue sources to the federal government, the IRS being number one. As the MMS (before transition to BOEMRE), the Agency's signature feature according to an informational trifold was that it had "become our Nation’s leader in offshore energy development and the collection of royalties on behalf of the American Public." With respect to enforcement of regulations and safety, this same publication indicated that the "MMS also funds advanced scientific studies and enforces the highest safety and environmental standards."〔 The Agency's mission statement was put more formally in its 2010 Budget Proposal:〔 ==History== The Minerals Management Service was created on January 19, 1982.〔 In January 1983, Congress passed the Federal Oil and Gas Royalty Management Act with the stated purpose: The Secretary of the Interior at the time, James G. Watt, designated MMS as the administrative agency responsible for execution of activities under the Act. With the passage of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, MMS was given authority to develop renewable energy projects such as wave, wind and current energy on the Outer Continental Shelf.〔 As of 2010, the Agency was composed of two operating units, the MRM and OEMM.〔 * Offshore Energy and Minerals Management (OEMM) — Under the guidance of the 1953 Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, the OEMM managed energy and mineral development in over 1.71 billion offshore acres of the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) and annually disburses to the U.S. Treasury expected of $5 billion in minerals revenue in 2010.〔 * Minerals Revenue Management (MRM) — Through the MRM program, the Agency collected, accounted for, and disbursed mineral revenues from Federal and American Indian leases. The Agency's offshore renewable energy program included development of renewable energy such as wind, wave, and solar. Since its inception in 1982 through FY2008, the Agency had disbursed approximately $200 million to Federal, state, and American Indian accounts.〔 On June 21, 2010, the Minerals Management Service was renamed the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement and reorganized.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Minerals Management Service」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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